In modern civilized society, all fields involved in the reproduction of images and texts have the application of printing techniques. In addition to books and newspapers, printing is the most widely used packaging and commercial printing.
Publications such as books, magazines, newspapers, maps, etc. are not only products processed by printing but also commodities circulated in society. Although packaging and printing products are printed and processed, they are not independent goods but are attached to the products to be packaged. They are only printed products that protect, beautify, and publicize the packaged products.
As for commercial prints, they are everywhere and everywhere. Books like exercise books, diaries, forms, stationery and office supplies are all printed. From here, we can see that printing is a must for people's daily life.
Packaging & Printing > Section 1 Packaging Printing
The scope of packaging and printing> First, the scope of packaging and printing
Packaging and printing has emerged with the development of social commodity production. In order to protect the goods and make them easier to transport, the goods are required to be packaged; in order to mark the goods, publicize the goods, and beautify the goods, there is packaging printing. In a word, most of the departments that produce goods need the packaging of goods, and the application of packaging and printing. Such as light industrial products, textiles, food, medicines, beverages, alcohol and tobacco, daily industrial products and household appliances, these products often use trademarks, labels, packaging paper boxes, paper bags, corrugated boxes, plastic bags, paper and plastic Composite flexible packaging bags, paper and aluminum foil composite flexible packaging bags, iron drums, iron boxes, iron cans, and numerous product descriptions are all areas of packaging and printing.
The characteristics of packaging and printing> Second, the characteristics of packaging and printing
The reason why people distinguish package printing from other printing in the printing family is because package printing has several features that are different from other printing.
1. Reliance on the value of packaged prints
Packaging and printing services are for the circulation of goods. Without the circulation of goods, there is no need for the packaging of goods. Of course, there will be no packaging and printing of goods.
Trademarks, labels, empty cartons, empty cans, they are just prints for the packaging of goods, but not commodities. Only when the printed matter of the package is attached to the packaged product, and the overall value of the packaged product can be reflected in the value of the packaged printed matter.
Because of the characteristics of the value-dependent nature of packaging and printing products, people have been lacking sufficient understanding of the importance of packaging printing for a long period of time, and have not provided necessary support for its development. The main object of packaging and printing services is light industrial products. However, in many categories of light industrial systems, such as papermaking, daily chemicals, hardware, food, ceramics, toys, and leather tanning, all have industrial management under the planned economic system. The packaging and printing services for these industries and products do not have their own industry management, so that a considerable number of packaging and printing plants are in their own positions. In fact, although packaged prints do not have the price of independent goods, they do not mean that the value of packaged prints is insignificant in the value of goods that are in circulation. On the contrary, countless facts also indicate that one product is perfect and well-printed. Packaging prints can greatly increase the value of packaged goods. After the mid-1960s, Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and other large cities established packaging industry companies in light industrial systems. In the early 1980s, the China Packaging Technology Association Packaging and Printing Committee was established in Shanghai. In 1984, the Ministry of Industry set up the China Packaging Corporation ( Later changed to Packaging and Printing Joint Corporation. The strengthening of organization and management shows that people's awareness of the importance of packaging print has increased.
2. The artistic features of packaging prints
Although packaged prints are not independent goods, they have a very important role in beautifying products. Packaging prints have artistic characteristics, and people's understanding of this is also a process. The packaging and printing factories before the 1950s were small in scale and equipment was relatively simple. They only printed some printed products such as trademarks, and the factories generally had no trademark design department. After the 1960s, with the development of the commodity economy, the printing factory was required not only to print but also to design. In some packaging printing plants with a certain scale, a professional packaging design department has gradually been established. In 1982, according to statistics from 176 packaging and printing plants in 45 cities, of the 768,82 people, 794 were engaged in packaging design, accounting for 1% more.
China is an ancient civilization with 5,000 years of cultural accumulation. China is also a multi-ethnic country with vast land, different styles of 56 ethnic groups, and 9.6 million square kilometers of vast geographical features. These are the wisdom of packaging design art creation. Source. An exquisite packaging, which is both a printed product and an artwork created by art and graphic designers.
3. Printing Diversification of Packaging Prints
There are as many kinds of goods in the society as there are many kinds of appearances in the packaging print. With the development of the commodity economy, the requirements for the packaging and printing of goods have also been continuously improved; with the diversification of packaging materials and the development of printing technology, it will inevitably lead to the diversification of packaging printing methods.
Prior to the 1950s, the packaging materials were mainly paper products, and the printing methods were relatively simple, mainly including letterpress printing. Since the 1980s, with the application of laser color separation technology and electronic color separation, offset printing has gradually replaced relief printing and become the main method of packaging printing. Before the 1970s, gravure printing was mainly used for printing books and was gradually replaced by offset printing. Although gravure has lost its position in the publications, gravure as one of the four basic printing methods still has its strong vitality. Since the 1980s, various plastic films and composite packaging materials have been used in food packaging. Gravure has found a broader market in the field of packaging and printing. Followed by the flexographic printing, screen printing and laser full-image printing with excellent anti-counterfeiting capabilities, are widely used in packaging and printing. After entering the 1990s, in the field of printing, the application of printing methods is the most, and the fastest growing is the packaging and printing.
Packaging and printing functions> Third, the function of packaging and printing
Packaging printing has the following functions: to protect the goods, facilitate the transportation, beautify the goods, promote the goods, and increase the added value of the goods.
It should be said that people do not have a clear understanding of these functions of packaging printing. Before the 1960s, people were accustomed to living under a planned economy. People's awareness of goods was still relatively weak. Reflecting the packaging of goods, due to poor packaging, it lost several billion yuan each year, and the loss of export goods was even more serious. There is also not enough emphasis on the function of beautifying goods and promoting goods.
After the 1980s, China began to shift from a planned economy to a socialist market economy. As a result of reform and opening-up, not only did foreign commodities enter the Chinese market, but also Chinese goods went abroad to the world. In the fierce market competition, China’s commodities were only due to packaging and printing. The low level of China's traditional quality products has caused major economic losses in the international market. The harsh facts have led people to realize that packaging printing is more than merely packaging goods. In addition to packaging, it is more important to beautify goods, increase the artistic image of external goods, expand the promotional effect of goods, and increase the number of goods. Added value, as the saying goes: "The goods sell a skin," is this truth.
Commodity economy is developing. People's understanding of the characteristics and functions of packaging and printing and its importance in the circulation of goods is also gradually increasing. On the one hand, attention has been paid to the equipment renewal of packaging and printing, the use of advanced printing technologies, and on the other hand, it has also strengthened packaging. The printing industry management has formulated quality standards for packaging and printing. Since 1985, the quality of packaging prints has been evaluated once a year. After more than 10 years of hard work, the level of China's packaging printing has been greatly improved. The market has a wide range of goods and is adorned with more colorful packaging. In China's packaging and printing products, there are many high-quality products that have been accepted by international counterparts. Highly praised. Shanghai People's Printing Factory No. 8 printed in 1988, "China's special Anjiu" packaging, with a unique national style, prominent printing effect, won the 15th Asian Star and Paris Star Award.
Development of Packaging Printing> IV. Development of Packaging Printing
1. The reorganization of packaging printing in the 1950s
In the early 1950s, China's economy was still relatively backward, and packaging printing had not formed a certain scale. In the entire printing industry, its scale and technical equipment were also under the print of books and newspapers. Only in the industrial cities on the eastern coast there are some workshop-style small printing houses such as trademarks and cartons. In the early 1950s, the government made large-scale adjustments to the printing industry. At that time, the printing industry was generally dominated by letterpress printing. In the case of letterpress printing, it was printed with small-sized disc machines and square box machines. In the adjustment, the factory with a larger size of the letterpress printing press is used as a book printing factory to implement public-private partnerships; for those small-scale printers that only have small-format printing presses, cooperation is implemented, or the center factory takes a small factory. Organize them. For large-scale books and magazines, they are classified as publishing systems; for many small factories, they are classified as light industrial systems or handicraft systems. The government encourages these small factories to voluntarily unite and implement joint ventures in order to achieve a certain scale of production. As a result, packaging printing and printing of books and books are two different management systems.
2. The packaging and printing industry is developing
After adjustments and ancestors in the 1950s, especially the implementation of public-private partnerships and cooperation in 1956, some established professional or concurrent packaging trademarks have appeared in major cities such as Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Wuhan, Guangzhou and Chongqing. Printing factory. This is a major division of labor in China's printing industry. Therefore, in the big cities, the printing industry dominated by publications and the packaging printing industry, which is mainly based on trademark printing. But for packaging printers, their external conditions are far inferior to those of book printing. Although under the leadership of the local Light Industry Bureau (bureau) is a planned economy, they have to find their own sources of living, find their own raw materials, in fact, spontaneous. In the strict implementation of the top-down plan supply environment, the difficulties of the packaging and printing companies that rely on the "three-self" survival are obvious.
After the 1960s, with the development of the national economy, the demand for packaging and printing in light industry, textiles, food, and foreign trade increased day by day, and the quality requirements were also higher. The demand of society is the most important driving force for the development of production. Some small-scale packaging and printing plants have successively established departments such as photolithography, fine art design, and equipment maintenance. The printing equipment has also been updated year by year. Platform machines have been used instead of disc machines and square box machines.
3. Big City