According to a report by the American Physicists Organization Network on January 4, MIT researchers demonstrated a new type of printing technology that can print solar cells onto thin, soft materials such as ordinary toilet paper. Although using toilet paper as the substrate is not as efficient as the actual solar equipment, it is a low-cost printing technology widely used in a variety of materials.
The new technology is called oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oxidative chemical vapor deposition, oCVD). The raw material monomer and oxidant are vaporized and sprayed on the base material. After the monomer and oxidant meet, they polymerize to form a PEDOT film. The PEDOT film can conduct electricity. By controlling the substrate temperature, small nanopores are formed, which can tightly fix the silver particles with higher conductivity, which can enhance the conductivity of the PEDOT film by 1000 times.
MIT chemical engineering professor Karen Gleason and graduate student Miles Bar and others demonstrated the solar cell printing technology on a variety of soft and fragile materials. For example, glutinous rice paper used for spring rolls in restaurants usually melts when wet, and the new technology is a solvent-free drying method, and the glutinous rice paper can be kept intact after printing. They also demonstrated the new printing technology on the plastic yarn bag. This material does not absorb water, and it is difficult to scribble and print on the general process.
Printed solar cells can resist large bending and stretching. In the experiment, the researchers bent a piece of printed plastic base material to a radius of less than 5 mm, and found that its efficiency can still reach 99% when not bent. The electrode can also be bent and stretched to maintain electrical conductivity.
To further show the ruggedness of the technology, Myers Bar folded a printed solar cell paper into a paper airplane. Even so, the paper airplane can still generate electricity.
The researchers pointed out that due to opacity, paper is not the most representative ideal optoelectronic substrate material. But for the widespread manufacture of solar cells, it is very useful to find a low-cost, soft, flexible, and elastic material. In addition to solar cells, this technology is also suitable for printing Other electronic devices to achieve electronic printing on fibers and other soft fabrics.
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