High and low temperature test chambers rely on a refrigeration system that typically includes a compressor, evaporator, condenser, and piping. Two common types of blockages in the refrigeration system are dirt clogging and ice blocking, with oil clogging being quite rare. 1. **Dirt Clogging** Dirt clogging occurs when impurities such as scale, copper shavings, or sludge enter the refrigeration system. These particles tend to get trapped in the capillary tube or filter, causing restricted refrigerant flow. This type of blockage is often the result of poor maintenance practices or contamination during installation. To resolve dirt clogging, the affected components—such as the capillary tube, filter, condenser, and evaporator—must be removed using gas welding. The molecular sieve inside the capillary and filter should be replaced, and the condenser and evaporator should be cleaned thoroughly. Afterward, the system should be dried, evacuated, re-welded, and refilled with refrigerant. 2. **Ice Blocking** Ice blocking typically happens when moisture enters the refrigeration system. This can occur due to improper evacuation during maintenance or fluorination processes. F-12 refrigerant itself may contain some moisture, which, combined with air, can lead to water accumulation in the system. Under high pressure and temperature conditions, the refrigerant becomes gaseous, carrying the moisture into the narrow capillary tube. When the moisture content exceeds 20 mg per kg of refrigerant, the filter can no longer absorb it, leading to ice formation. Once the temperature at the capillary outlet drops to 0°C, the moisture separates from the refrigerant and freezes, creating an ice block. Both dirt and ice blockages can be complete or partial. Symptoms include the evaporator not frosting or only partially frosting, the condenser’s rear section becoming excessively hot, and the filter or capillary inlet feeling close to room temperature. In some cases, the temperature may even drop below room level. Additionally, a large amount of gas may be released from the process pipe. Once ice forms, the compressor experiences increased exhaust resistance, causing it to overheat. This triggers the thermal protector, shutting down the system. After about 25 minutes, the ice begins to melt, reducing the temperature and allowing the thermostat and thermal protector to reset, restarting the cooling cycle. As a result, the evaporator will frost and defrost periodically, indicating the presence of an ice block. Regular maintenance and proper handling of the refrigeration system are essential to prevent such issues.
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