1. Nylon nonwoven fabric with thermal bonding method
Nylon non-woven fabric thermal bonding method is the one with the largest output of nylon non-woven fabrics. Generally, pure nylon staple fiber or nylon is mixed with other fibers, and the fibers are connected to each other through a hot rolling process to form a flake material. The product has the characteristics of thin, soft, thin and good elasticity. It is a good base material for high-grade adhesive interlining, used for interlining of silk, high-grade windbreaker, down clothing and so on. Polyamide staple fiber can also be mixed with a certain proportion of other fibers, made into a very strong web by hot rolling or hot melting, and then embossed and post-processed. For example, DuPont's Inova series of composite nonwoven fabrics is made of nylon, polyester, polypropylene, spandex, and cotton fibers in different proportions. The final appearance of the composite nonwoven fabric has a permanent pattern, good elasticity and conductivity. The characteristics of sweat and breathability can be adjusted according to the ambient temperature to produce a warm or cool feeling. It is used in making clothing, which is light, comfortable, fit, and strong and wear-resistant.
Nylon-polyester composite core-core staple fiber can also be made of non-woven fabric material by thermal bonding process. This is nylon 6 as the skin and polyester as the core for complex spinning, which produces a stable quality nylon-polyester composite fiber. reduce manufacturing cost. The performance of nylon-polyester composite staple fiber is better than that of pure nylon 6 staple fiber. The breaking strength increases, the breaking elongation decreases, and the initial modulus increases. The composite fiber also retains the good hygroscopicity, dyeing and abrasion resistance of nylon. Therefore, the nylon-polyester composite fiber can replace pure nylon staple fiber in various occasions, and its use effect is better than pure nylon under certain production conditions. .
In addition, the development and application of heat-resistant fibers can also be used in the thermal bonding process. For nylon 66, it has outstanding advantages under normal environment, but its performance changes when the environment is changed. If it is used in a high-temperature environment, its strength, toughness and elasticity will seriously disappear, and it is no longer usable in some occasions. 66 heat-resistant fiber, good use in nylon non-woven thermal bonding process. Using the high melting point, high elongation and high strength characteristics of nylon 66 fiber, heat resistance is added to make it resistant to high temperature, and it can still maintain good physical properties at 240 ℃. The selection requirements for the modifier are: on the premise of ensuring high temperature resistance and oxidation resistance, the smaller the impact on the physical index, the better, it also has better oxidation resistance, and also has plasticity and lubricity, and can be used in Used on various manufacturing equipment. This heat-resistant non-woven fabric has broad development prospects in high-temperature resistant clothing and military fields, because high-temperature resistant and anti-oxidation fibers also have anti-ultraviolet oxidation properties. For example, the use of this non-woven material in military tents can increase the life of ordinary nylon fibers Double or more.
2. Needle punched nylon nonwoven
Because nylon has excellent wear resistance and high strength, and its melting point is high, it is commonly used in carpets. Usually nylon and polyester are mixed and carded, and then reinforced by two needle punches, and the final product is used as a carpet or floor surface covering.
The use of needle punching to manufacture nylon nonwoven fabrics requires nylon fibers to have good dyeing uniformity. In the production process of nylon fibers, dyeing uniformity is one of the important indicators for judging the quality of products. It not only affects the first-rate rate of products, but also directly affects the quality of products in subsequent processes. In the production practice, uneven dyeing is easy to cause horizontal stripes. Horizontal yarns are divided into two categories, one is the chromatic aberration of the same sample with natural color, and the other is the chromatic aberration of the stripes when multiple samples are woven together.
Since nylon 6 has better hygroscopicity, it is greatly affected by the temperature and humidity of the environment during the production process. If the temperature and humidity are too high or too low, it will affect the dyeing uniformity of the product. The reason is that the shrinkage rate of the nylon fiber is different under different humidity, and the adsorption rate of the dye is different, resulting in fabric dyeing stripes. In actual production, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the relationship of various factors in order to produce high-quality products.
In order to improve the dyeing performance of the needle punching nylon non-woven fabric, the research and production of nylon 6 color masterbatch is applied to the nylon 6 coloring before spinning. It has the advantages of small addition, no pollution, and good spinnability. The nylon 6 is easy to dye. However, the "three wastes" pollution generated during post-dyeing has increasingly attracted people's attention. Using masterbatch coloring before spinning not only solves the pollution problem. It also makes the coloring before spinning easy and fast, and it also makes up for the color effect that is not achieved by dyeing.
With the improvement of people's awareness of environmental pollution control, especially the introduction of environmental protection laws and regulations, the demand for masterbatch has increased, especially with the further deepening of masterbatch research, the development of new products, and the improvement of chromatography , Quality improvement, cost reduction, etc., there will be more and more chemical fiber plants more favored masterbatch. The coloring process before using the masterbatch is not only simple and reliable, which reduces environmental pollution, but also eliminates printing and dyeing equipment and multiple heating processes, which reduces production costs. At the same time, the dyeing uniformity is not affected by the difference in fiber structure, and needle punching can be used. Method to make excellent nylon nonwoven fabric.
3. Spunlace nylon non-woven fabric
Split nylon can be made into ultra-fine nylon non-woven fabric under the action of high-pressure spunlace, which is used for high-performance wipes and suede imitation. In addition, when spunlace nonwoven fabric mainly made of viscose fiber is used as diaper, adding appropriate amount of nylon to viscose fiber can obviously increase the strength of diaper.
Polyamide and polypropylene composite ultrafine fibers can also be selected as raw materials, and the non-woven fabric is made by the spunlace method. This composite ultrafine fiber has a clear cross section, can be dyed at normal temperature and pressure, and the fabric is comfortable to wear. The fineness of composite fiber monofilament fineness can improve its feel and consumption performance. In recent years, China has formed a research and development enthusiasm for fine denier and ultrafine denier filaments. The production of ultrafine fibers by conventional spinning methods is prone to wool, and due to the limited diameter of the spinneret surface, the number of spinneret holes cannot be increased significantly, so the fineness of the monofilament is also greatly limited. The nylon / polypropylene composite super The fine fiber is a composite spinning technology to obtain fibers of conventional fineness (monofilament fineness is about 2 ~ 3dtex). After processing into a fabric, the two components are stripped into monofilament fineness less than 0.5dtex after dyeing and finishing. Composite microfiber. The fiber fabric has good hand feeling, can be dyed at normal temperature and pressure, has good wicking moisture permeability, breathability, suitable for making high-end sportswear, T-shirts, underwear, denim clothes, etc., and can also be made into high-end with excellent performance Spunlace cloth is widely used in medical, health and other fields.
Nano far infrared health care shaped nylon fiber, which has been successfully developed in recent years, can also be made into excellent high-end spunlace cloth. This is the use of special surface modification technology to prepare a new nano-scale far-infrared radiation material, and composite it with nylon 6, to prepare shaped far-infrared health care nylon filament. With the improvement of living standards, people's awareness of health care continues to increase, and far-infrared health underwear and cold products have been urgently needed by people. It is one of the effective means to prepare far-infrared fiber by adding far-infrared radiation material with far-infrared radiation function to the fiber to give far-infrared radiation function to the fiber. The spunlace cloth has the functions of heat preservation, bacteriostasis, moisture conduction, blood circulation promotion, immunity enhancement, and moth protection.
4. Nylon composite nonwoven material
British Dexter has developed a composite material with upper and lower double layers. The bottom layer can be made of nylon as a raw material. After carding into a net, it is reinforced by the method of spunlace or needle punching. Fibers, such as Manila hemp, sisal or jute fibers, are made by wet or air-laid methods. The two layers of materials are compounded by hydraulic entanglement, and then the composite material is treated with a silicon finishing agent. The amount of finishing agent is usually 3% to 7% of the weight of the composite material, and the finished product can be used as an automobile interior wall panel And the decorative materials of the car's interior.
This nylon composite nonwoven material can also be produced by selecting polyester / nylon composite filaments. The composite fiber is one of the differentiated fibers, which is made of a two-component polymer melt, which is divided and extruded through a special distribution plate. . Using spinnerets with different cross-sectional shapes can form co-spun, side-by-side, sheath-core, split and sea island composite fibers. This process is mainly used to develop ultra-fine fibers and is an ideal material for manufacturing artificial suede. It has advantages in wool-like, silk-like, leather-like, and peach-like fleece. The fabric has good air permeability, moisture permeability, and flexibility. It is suitable for lens cleaning cloth for advanced lenses, and can be used in thermal insulation materials, filter materials, ultra-high density waterproof and moisture-proof fabrics. Because these products have excellent characteristics and wide applications, they will be widely developed to meet the people's higher-grade clothing requirements, and provide rich and varied fiber raw materials for military, medical and other industries.
Foreign ultra-fine fibers have already implemented large-scale production, system application, and formed a situation in which there are many production methods, numerous products, and a wide range of applications. For domestic, composite fiber can be mass-produced, and can form a one-stop development and application, split-type composite fiber is one of them. The domestic production of polyester / nylon composite filament yarn mainly adopts POY-DTY route. Some manufacturers' production has a certain scale and the product quality is stable.
Polyester / nylon composite filament non-woven fabric has good drape, shape retention, and has fluffy, soft, comfortable, hygroscopic and other excellent properties. Therefore, this product has a wide range of uses: such as imitation peach skin, artificial suede, artificial silk fabric, ultra-high density fabric, high-efficiency cleaning cloth, advanced lens cleaning cloth, precision instrument cleaning cloth, thermal insulation material, filter material, waterproof and breathable material.
5. Wet-process nylon non-woven fabric
Wet non-woven fabric technology is to directly use nylon staple fiber as raw material and form a product on a paper machine at a time. This method has fast production speed, low production cost compared with other non-woven fabric processing methods, and a wide range of raw materials. . In recent years, the use of nylon wet-laid nonwoven fabrics has continued to expand. At present, one of the uses of nylon in wet-laid nonwoven fabrics is to increase the tear strength of paper. Adding a certain percentage of nylon staple fibers to the wood pulp fibers of papermaking, the tear resistance and burst strength of the finished paper, Breathability and foldable number are greatly improved. Although the tensile strength of the paper will be reduced after the addition of nylon, the amount of binder can be increased by controlling the amount of nylon, increasing the proportion of wood pulp fibers, or increasing the amount of binder when the ratio of nylon is unchanged, thereby increasing the tensile strength of the finished paper Breaking power. Another use is to use pure nylon. After beating, evenly forming and drying the fibers, it is used to make pure nylon wet nonwoven fabric. In view of the poor hygroscopicity of nylon, it is easy to form agglomerates in water. Therefore, a certain amount of surfactant should be added during the copying process to make the fibers well dispersed. At the same time, in order to increase the strength of the fiber web, an appropriate bonding medium must also be added. Only in this way can the nylon wet-laid nonwoven fabric be uniform in appearance, compact in structure and high in tensile strength. Products can be used for decorative materials, lining, high-end battery separators and durable non-woven fabric supplies.
In addition, there are spunbond nylon nonwovens and meltblown nylon nonwovens production process, of which spunbond nylon nonwovens process in the world only a few companies can produce nylon spunbond, and China has not yet been able to produce nylon spunbond fabrics. Nowadays, nylon spunbond fabrics produced by foreign companies are mainly used as furniture and bedding coverings, filter materials, protective clothing, medical supplies, adhesive base fabrics, automotive interior products, film reinforcement materials and airbag base fabrics.
The melt-blown nylon non-woven fabric is formed by the high-speed high-temperature air flow or other means during the direct web formation of the polymer, so that the melt stream is extremely stretched to form an extremely fine short fiber web, and the product has high filtration efficiency , Low resistance and softness. Due to the limitation of production equipment, it is currently not possible to produce melt-blown nylon non-woven fabrics at home, but products in this area have appeared abroad. For example, Kuss Filtration of the United States has recently produced nylon 6 melt-blown fiber webs. It is composed of three layers of fiber mesh. The thickness and length of nylon in each layer are different. The product is mainly used as fuel filter material.
1. Nylon nonwoven fabric with thermal bonding method
Nylon non-woven fabric thermal bonding method is the one with the largest output of nylon non-woven fabrics. Generally, pure nylon staple fiber or nylon is mixed with other fibers, and the fibers are connected to each other through a hot rolling process to form a flake material. The product has the characteristics of thin, soft, thin and good elasticity. It is a good base material for high-grade adhesive interlining, used for interlining of silk, high-grade windbreaker, down clothing and so on. Polyamide staple fiber can also be mixed with a certain proportion of other fibers, made into a very strong web by hot rolling or hot melting, and then embossed and post-processed. For example, DuPont's Inova series of composite nonwoven fabrics is made of nylon, polyester, polypropylene, spandex, and cotton fibers in different proportions. The final appearance of the composite nonwoven fabric has a permanent pattern, good elasticity and conductivity. The characteristics of sweat and breathability can be adjusted according to the ambient temperature to produce a warm or cool feeling. It is used in making clothing, which is light, comfortable, fit, and strong and wear-resistant.
Nylon-polyester composite core-core staple fiber can also be made of non-woven fabric material by thermal bonding process. This is nylon 6 as the skin and polyester as the core for complex spinning, which produces a stable quality nylon-polyester composite fiber. reduce manufacturing cost. The performance of nylon-polyester composite staple fiber is better than that of pure nylon 6 staple fiber. The breaking strength increases, the breaking elongation decreases, and the initial modulus increases. The composite fiber also retains the good hygroscopicity, dyeing and abrasion resistance of nylon. Therefore, the nylon-polyester composite fiber can replace pure nylon staple fiber in various occasions, and its use effect is better than pure nylon under certain production conditions. .
In addition, the development and application of heat-resistant fibers can also be used in the thermal bonding process. For nylon 66, it has outstanding advantages under normal environment, but its performance changes when the environment is changed. If it is used in a high-temperature environment, its strength, toughness and elasticity will seriously disappear, and it is no longer usable in some occasions. 66 heat-resistant fiber, good use in nylon non-woven thermal bonding process. Using the high melting point, high elongation and high strength characteristics of nylon 66 fiber, heat resistance is added to make it resistant to high temperature, and it can still maintain good physical properties at 240 ℃. The selection requirements for the modifier are: on the premise of ensuring high temperature resistance and oxidation resistance, the smaller the impact on the physical index, the better, it also has better oxidation resistance, and also has plasticity and lubricity, and can be used in Used on various manufacturing equipment. This heat-resistant non-woven fabric has broad development prospects in high-temperature resistant clothing and military fields, because high-temperature resistant and anti-oxidation fibers also have anti-ultraviolet oxidation properties. For example, the use of this non-woven material in military tents can increase the life of ordinary nylon fibers Double or more.
2. Needle punched nylon nonwoven
Because nylon has excellent wear resistance and high strength, and its melting point is high, it is commonly used in carpets. Usually nylon and polyester are mixed and carded, and then reinforced by two needle punches, and the final product is used as a carpet or floor surface covering.
The use of needle punching to manufacture nylon nonwoven fabrics requires nylon fibers to have good dyeing uniformity. In the production process of nylon fibers, dyeing uniformity is one of the important indicators for judging the quality of products. It not only affects the first-rate rate of products, but also directly affects the quality of products in subsequent processes. In the production practice, uneven dyeing is easy to cause horizontal stripes. Horizontal yarns are divided into two categories, one is the chromatic aberration of the same sample with natural color, and the other is the chromatic aberration of the stripes when multiple samples are woven together.
Since nylon 6 has better hygroscopicity, it is greatly affected by the temperature and humidity of the environment during the production process. If the temperature and humidity are too high or too low, it will affect the dyeing uniformity of the product. The reason is that the shrinkage rate of the nylon fiber is different under different humidity, and the adsorption rate of the dye is different, resulting in fabric dyeing stripes. In actual production, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the relationship of various factors in order to produce high-quality products.
In order to improve the dyeing performance of the needle punching nylon non-woven fabric, the research and production of nylon 6 color masterbatch is applied to the nylon 6 coloring before spinning. It has the advantages of small addition, no pollution, and good spinnability. The nylon 6 is easy to dye. However, the "three wastes" pollution generated during post-dyeing has increasingly attracted people's attention. Using masterbatch coloring before spinning not only solves the pollution problem. It also makes the coloring before spinning easy and fast, and it also makes up for the color effect that is not achieved by dyeing.
With the improvement of people's awareness of environmental pollution control, especially the introduction of environmental protection laws and regulations, the demand for masterbatch has increased, especially with the further deepening of masterbatch research, the development of new products, and the improvement of chromatography , Quality improvement, cost reduction, etc., there will be more and more chemical fiber plants more favored masterbatch. The coloring process before using the masterbatch is not only simple and reliable, which reduces environmental pollution, but also eliminates printing and dyeing equipment and multiple heating processes, which reduces production costs. At the same time, the dyeing uniformity is not affected by the difference in fiber structure, and needle punching can be used. Method to make excellent nylon nonwoven fabric.
3. Spunlace nylon non-woven fabric
Split nylon can be made into ultra-fine nylon non-woven fabric under the action of high-pressure spunlace, which is used for high-performance wipes and suede imitation. In addition, when spunlace nonwoven fabric mainly made of viscose fiber is used as diaper, adding appropriate amount of nylon to viscose fiber can obviously increase the strength of diaper.
Polyamide and polypropylene composite ultrafine fibers can also be selected as raw materials, and the non-woven fabric is made by the spunlace method. This composite ultrafine fiber has a clear cross section, can be dyed at normal temperature and pressure, and the fabric is comfortable to wear. The fineness of composite fiber monofilament fineness can improve its feel and consumption performance. In recent years, China has formed a research and development enthusiasm for fine denier and ultrafine denier filaments. The production of ultrafine fibers by conventional spinning methods is prone to wool, and due to the limited diameter of the spinneret surface, the number of spinneret holes cannot be increased significantly, so the fineness of the monofilament is also greatly limited. The nylon / polypropylene composite super The fine fiber is a composite spinning technology to obtain fibers of conventional fineness (monofilament fineness is about 2 ~ 3dtex). After processing into a fabric, the two components are stripped into monofilament fineness less than 0.5dtex after dyeing and finishing. Composite microfiber. The fiber fabric has good hand feeling, can be dyed at normal temperature and pressure, has good wicking moisture permeability, breathability, suitable for making high-end sportswear, T-shirts, underwear, denim clothes, etc., and can also be made into high-end with excellent performance Spunlace cloth is widely used in medical, health and other fields.
Nano far infrared health care shaped nylon fiber, which has been successfully developed in recent years, can also be made into excellent high-end spunlace cloth. This is the use of special surface modification technology to prepare a new nano-scale far-infrared radiation material, and composite it with nylon 6, to prepare shaped far-infrared health care nylon filament. With the improvement of living standards, people's awareness of health care continues to increase, and far-infrared health underwear and cold products have been urgently needed by people. It is one of the effective means to prepare far-infrared fiber by adding far-infrared radiation material with far-infrared radiation function to the fiber to give far-infrared radiation function to the fiber. The spunlace cloth has the functions of heat preservation, bacteriostasis, moisture conduction, blood circulation promotion, immunity enhancement, and moth protection.
4. Nylon composite nonwoven material
British Dexter has developed a composite material with upper and lower double layers. The bottom layer can be made of nylon as a raw material. After carding into a net, it is reinforced by the method of spunlace or needle punching. Fibers, such as Manila hemp, sisal or jute fibers, are made by wet or air-laid methods. The two layers of materials are compounded by hydraulic entanglement, and then the composite material is treated with a silicon finishing agent. The amount of finishing agent is usually 3% to 7% of the weight of the composite material, and the finished product can be used as an automobile interior wall panel And the decorative materials of the car's interior.
This nylon composite nonwoven material can also be produced by selecting polyester / nylon composite filaments. The composite fiber is one of the differentiated fibers, which is made of a two-component polymer melt, which is divided and extruded through a special distribution plate. . Using spinnerets with different cross-sectional shapes can form co-spun, side-by-side, sheath-core, split and sea island composite fibers. This process is mainly used to develop ultra-fine fibers and is an ideal material for manufacturing artificial suede. It has advantages in wool-like, silk-like, leather-like, and peach-like fleece. The fabric has good air permeability, moisture permeability, and flexibility. It is suitable for lens cleaning cloth for advanced lenses, and can be used in thermal insulation materials, filter materials, ultra-high density waterproof and moisture-proof fabrics. Because these products have excellent characteristics and wide applications, they will be widely developed to meet the people's higher-grade clothing requirements, and provide rich and varied fiber raw materials for military, medical and other industries.
Foreign ultra-fine fibers have already implemented large-scale production, system application, and formed a situation in which there are many production methods, numerous products, and a wide range of applications. For domestic, composite fiber can be mass-produced, and can form a one-stop development and application, split-type composite fiber is one of them. The domestic production of polyester / nylon composite filament yarn mainly adopts POY-DTY route. Some manufacturers' production has a certain scale and the product quality is stable.
Polyester / nylon composite filament non-woven fabric has good drape, shape retention, and has fluffy, soft, comfortable, hygroscopic and other excellent properties. Therefore, this product has a wide range of uses: such as imitation peach skin, artificial suede, artificial silk fabric, ultra-high density fabric, high-efficiency cleaning cloth, advanced lens cleaning cloth, precision instrument cleaning cloth, thermal insulation material, filter material, waterproof and breathable material.
5. Wet-process nylon non-woven fabric
Wet non-woven fabric technology is to directly use nylon staple fiber as raw material and form a product on a paper machine at a time. This method has fast production speed, low production cost compared with other non-woven fabric processing methods, and a wide range of raw materials. . In recent years, the use of nylon wet-laid nonwoven fabrics has continued to expand. At present, one of the uses of nylon in wet-laid nonwoven fabrics is to increase the tear strength of paper. Adding a certain percentage of nylon staple fibers to the wood pulp fibers of papermaking, the tear resistance and burst strength of the finished paper, Breathability and foldable number are greatly improved. Although the tensile strength of the paper will be reduced after the addition of nylon, the amount of binder can be increased by controlling the amount of nylon, increasing the proportion of wood pulp fibers, or increasing the amount of binder when the ratio of nylon is unchanged, thereby increasing the tensile strength of the finished paper Breaking power. Another use is to use pure nylon. After beating, evenly forming and drying the fibers, it is used to make pure nylon wet nonwoven fabric. In view of the poor hygroscopicity of nylon, it is easy to form agglomerates in water. Therefore, a certain amount of surfactant should be added during the copying process to make the fibers well dispersed. At the same time, in order to increase the strength of the fiber web, an appropriate bonding medium must also be added. Only in this way can the nylon wet-laid nonwoven fabric be uniform in appearance, compact in structure and high in tensile strength. Products can be used for decorative materials, lining, high-end battery separators and durable non-woven fabric supplies.
In addition, there are spunbond nylon nonwovens and meltblown nylon nonwovens production process, of which spunbond nylon nonwovens process in the world only a few companies can produce nylon spunbond, and China has not yet been able to produce nylon spunbond fabrics. Nowadays, nylon spunbond fabrics produced by foreign companies are mainly used as furniture and bedding coverings, filter materials, protective clothing, medical supplies, adhesive base fabrics, automotive interior products, film reinforcement materials and airbag base fabrics.
The melt-blown nylon non-woven fabric is formed by the high-speed high-temperature air flow or other means during the direct web formation of the polymer, so that the melt stream is extremely stretched to form an extremely fine short fiber web, and the product has high filtration efficiency , Low resistance and softness. Due to the limitation of production equipment, it is currently not possible to produce melt-blown nylon non-woven fabrics at home, but products in this area have appeared abroad. For example, Kuss Filtration of the United States has recently produced nylon 6 melt-blown fiber webs. It is composed of three layers of fiber mesh. The thickness and length of nylon in each layer are different. The product is mainly used as fuel filter material.
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