Liquid nitrogen is a cryogenic substance widely used in biomedical research for preserving biological samples. However, many users lack proper understanding of its properties and the correct usage of liquid nitrogen containers, leading to inefficiencies, increased costs, and even serious safety hazards. To ensure safe and effective use, here are some important guidelines and frequently asked questions:
First, it's essential to understand the different types of liquid nitrogen tanks. These can generally be categorized into storage tanks and transport tanks. Storage tanks are designed for static, indoor use and should not be used for long-distance transportation. On the other hand, transport tanks are specifically engineered with shock-absorbing features to withstand movement. They can be used both for storage and transport, but care must be taken to avoid impacts or vibrations that could damage the tank or contents.
Second, never seal the tank’s opening completely. Liquid nitrogen evaporates as it warms, and if the lid is tightly closed, pressure can build up, potentially causing an explosion. Therefore, it's crucial to leave a small gap on the tank’s lid, allowing gas to escape safely. Do not block or seal the lid manually.
Third, when handling liquid nitrogen, there are several precautions to keep in mind:
1. Always wear appropriate protective gear to prevent frostbite, as liquid nitrogen can cause severe cold burns.
2. When retrieving frozen samples, work quickly and carefully to avoid thawing the contents, which could lead to sample degradation.
3. Ensure good ventilation in the area where liquid nitrogen is stored or used. The evaporation of nitrogen can displace oxygen, creating a risk of suffocation.
4. Since liquid nitrogen does not have antibacterial properties, always maintain hygiene when handling it and clean any surfaces that come into contact with it.
5. Secure the tank during transportation to prevent tipping or shaking, which could result in spills or damage.
Fourth, for long-term storage, regularly check and replenish the liquid nitrogen level. It's best to keep the level above the samples being stored. You can measure the level using a scale, shining a flashlight into the tank, or using a wooden stick or bamboo pole to gauge the frost line (which corresponds to the liquid level). Avoid using hollow tubes, as this can cause liquid nitrogen to spray out and cause injury.
After one year of use, it's recommended to clean and disinfect the liquid nitrogen tank. Start by washing it with a mild, neutral detergent, then rinse thoroughly with warm water (not exceeding 40°C). Allow the inner lining to dry completely before refilling with liquid nitrogen. This helps maintain the integrity and performance of the tank over time.
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