Product quality depends on production, not on inspection. With advanced printing equipment, high-quality raw materials, and good-quality operators, we must also have appropriate process design and strict process control. Print is a multi-process collaborative product with many processes, complicated processes and ever-changing raw materials. A book has a cover, a text and an insert. It requires the use of art paper and book paper. It is generally good at several posts. The cover may also be stamped, coated, or covered. The equipment is different and needs to pass through many people. Multi-machine collaboration. The process and quality of any post are critical, and the former process is no better. If the process requirements of the post process can not be met, it will not be possible to complete the production smoothly. Any error in any link will affect the quality of the final product. This requires us to have an overall plan for the entire printing process before production to ensure that the entire printing production process is in a controlled state, so that production can be smoothly carried out and product quality can be guaranteed.
In reality, there is often no uniform process management and lack of communication between workshops and processes. The prepress and printing, printing, and post-press processing processes are often out of touch. Even with good designs, the printed results are not ideal. Good, but it is difficult to postpress. Therefore, to improve the printing quality, we must start with the process design. The following points should be noted when developing a printing process design.
1. Enterprises should pay attention to the role of process design in the management of print quality
To establish relevant process design and management departments, equipped with the necessary personnel and resources, and give the corresponding powers. At present, China's small and medium-sized printing companies do not have a few specialized process management departments. There is a lack of communication between the business department and the production department. In order to receive orders, the design time unilaterally pursues special effects to cater to customers. Although orders are obtained, the production process of the company is difficult to meet or even cannot be produced normally. Often customers are satisfied with the design and are disappointed with printing the finished product. The author has repeatedly participated in the evaluation of the quality of books and periodicals in this province and found that one of the important reasons leading to product quality problems is that graphic and graphic design is not standardized. In fact, these can be avoided only by paying a little attention before printing. Therefore, enterprises should pay attention to process design, according to the different orders, combined with the actual plant, carry out the necessary process planning before printing, for special, high quality products should also organize the relevant process managers, technical experts Tackling problems, further clarifying process requirements and quality standards, forming detailed guidance documents for each process to do, how to do it, and to what extent, avoiding the blindness of the work, enabling the implementation of various process policies, so that production can be coordinated and smoothly carried out. .
2. Process design should establish a concept of the overall situation
The multi-process nature of the printed matter means that the printing process is also a systematic project. It is necessary to comprehensively consider the process requirements from the prepress to the printing to the post-press processing, especially the post-press processing (such as book folding, binding, and postpress Requirements such as finishing and processing).
In the design of the process, they can adjust each other and avoid weaknesses, which will undoubtedly play a multiplier role. If the monochromatic ink is thickly printed but overprinting accuracy is not high, multi-color machine overprinting accuracy is high but multi-color overprinting is easy to stick dirty. The layout design and even the production arrangement can be considered for this, which has great influence on the operation and printing quality.
3 process design should have the awareness of the next process for the next process
"Reverse pricing" is highly respected because it is very effective in cost control. Similarly, the control of the printing process should also be "process reversal." Printing and copying is an interconnection process based on manuscripts, plate making, and printing. After receiving a printing order, it is necessary not only to understand the use of the product, the object of use, and the environment in which it is used, but also to consider the various properties that can be encountered in the printing process according to the properties and printability of the printing materials requested by the customer. This kind of problem should be predictable as to how we can adapt to the operation of the next process and improve efficiency. Therefore, the process design must fully consider the feasibility and economy of the post-process construction, which is crucial to the smooth progress of the entire production and product quality.
Raw materials are an important factor affecting product quality. Today, the quality of home-made printed materials has greatly improved. However, one question that cannot be ignored is whether or not it can be used “in accordance with the material applicationâ€. It is based on the technical requirements of printing products and equipment performance to select suitable raw materials, or to print products based on existing materials, which also largely determines the quality of products. It is necessary to establish the consciousness of the process for the next process, to set the production according to sales, to order production, to achieve the "in accordance with the use of materials," raw materials and products, processes and equipment, including the use of conditions and other facilities, so that the best use, reduce Material induced problems, improve product quality.
4. should master the relevant technical basis
Process design is not only based on print copying scientific theory, but also on the basis of strict process management, material and technical test data, and standardized data of technical process operations. Therefore, the following aspects should be noted.
(1) The process designer shall devote himself to do a good job in process design and management, fully grasp the production process of the whole printing process and the practical experience of the main technical links, including the cultivation of artistic accomplishments.
(2) The determination of the process plan should be based on standardized, reliable, and repeatable standardized data throughout the entire production process, and can be appropriately scaled up, which is conducive to continuous improvement of the quality level.
(3) For unforeseen or unstable factors to be tested in advance, there are corresponding preventive measures, so that the final program will not be sparse.
(4) Process design and management personnel should in-depth production of the first line at any time, on-site tracking of product production and quality control to verify whether the process documentation is scientific, accurate, inappropriate feedback and correction in a timely manner, and continue to summarize.
Strengthen the monitoring of the printing process
To strengthen the monitoring of the printing process is to improve the execution of the process plan, so that the established process plan can be implemented.
1. Sound management system, serious process discipline
Appropriate assessment methods and rewards and penalties shall be implemented. Each product shall be equipped with a corresponding process tracking card and quality tracking card. Each process and machine shall strictly comply with the proofs, process requirements, and construction according to standards, and standardize daily operations. Such as plate making exposure, development test every day, Offset do a good job, "Qinqin, Sanping, the second small" (diligence ink fountain, diligently wash blanket, look at the layout of the water, Qin inspection sheet, roller flat, ink roller flat, water roller Flat, small surface moisture, small contact surface pressure, etc.
2. Establish a learning enterprise and continuously improve the overall quality of employees
Enterprises must establish an effective learning system, regularly organize various forms of education and training, encourage employees to learn, and strive to create an atmosphere suitable for employees to learn and communicate, and link work, training, and motivation; and also focus on cultivating employees. Teamwork spirit and rigorous work style.
3. Strengthen process control and quality management at the production site
Do a good job of "three inspections", especially the tracking and monitoring of key products and key processes, we must check whether the process data and quality indicators meet the standards at any time, and timely feedback and correction of process documents and production process inadequacies.
4. Continuous improvement of process level
The appropriateness and optimization of the process are relative. With the change of the production conditions and technological level of the enterprise, the appropriate process may become unsuitable. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously improve and perfect the existing process. In particular, enterprises should actively promote or further promote activities such as ISO9000 quality system certification and TQM to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the continuous improvement process, so that the technological level of the company can spiral upward, promote the continuous improvement of product quality, and increase market competitiveness.
Author: Cao Zi Min
Reprinted from: Printing Technology
