The new discovery is expected to make the biology textbook "face change"

China Education Equipment Purchasing News: Chromatin is a substance that can be stained by basic dyes in the nucleus of the cell cycle. It is the natural state of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in cells and is a substance that regulates the metabolism, inheritance and mutation of organisms basis. Biological textbooks believe that nucleosomes are the basic unit of chromatin, and its shape is similar to a flat plate or a cylinder. Chromatin is composed of a series of nucleosomes.

American scientists discovered a new substance in human genetic material and named it "pronucleosome". Scientists believe that this new substance is an intermediate substance between chromatin and nucleosomes, and the new discovery is expected to make the biological textbook "face change". Related research was published in the "Molecular Cell" magazine on August 19.

However, biologists at the University of California, San Diego pointed out that in their latest research, they discovered a novel particle composed of chromatin, which is between DNA and nucleosomes, although the appearance of this novel particle is similar to the nucleus The corpuscle, but it is actually a different kind of particle, the precursor of the nucleosome. They named this particle "prenuclear body".

Although these pronucleosomes look similar to nucleosomes under a microscope, biochemical tests have shown that they are actually intermediate substances between DNA and nucleosomes. A protein uses the energy molecule adenine nucleoside triphosphate (ATP) to turn these pronucleosomes into nucleosomes.

Scientists previously believed that chromatin is composed of only nucleosomes. Recent studies have shown that chromatin may be composed of nucleosomes and pronucleosomes. James Mengyong, the professor of biology who led the study, said: "The latest findings may have opened the prelude to a new understanding of chromatin. This pronucleosome is likely to play a role in the replication and use of genetic material in the organism Key role."

The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Anthony Carter, who oversees chromatin research at the NIH National Institute of Comprehensive Medicine, said: "The chromatin formed by packaging DNA with histones helps stabilize chromosomes and it also plays an important role in regulating gene activity and DNA replication. The novel intermediate DNA-histone complex will help us better understand how it affects these key cellular processes. "

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