Wang Xiumin's solution for ventilation design of Shanxi public kitchen. The single sheet explains the general principles of public kitchen design and the form of ventilation system, including the design of the air supply and exhaust system, and the choice of the exhaust hood.
The calculation of the minimum air volume of the exhaust hood.
With the vigorous development of the tourism industry and the construction industry, hotels and hotels in various places have been successively established. And the level is getting higher and higher, and the required functions are getting more and more complete. In such public buildings. The kitchen is a very important place, and the pollution in the public kitchen is very serious. Especially the Chinese kitchen. The chef's working environment is even worse, not only the fire of high temperature radiation, but also the serious threat of kitchen smoke. This directly affects the mood of the staff and also affects the quality of cooking. However, in the past, the kitchen ventilation design was just to install several shaft fans or exhaust fans on the wall as a means of eliminating the fumes of the stove. In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards. The staff's requirements for environmental comfort have also increased.
In order to thoroughly improve the air quality of the kitchen and the working environment of the chef. More use of local air supply and ventilation. The following is a brief introduction to several points in the kitchen ventilation design. 1 The air supply system of the air supply system includes two parts for outdoor fresh air and the other part for air conditioning.
Because of the chef's location in the oxygen-poor zone. Plus the work area is hot. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a new vent at the top of each chef's head. It can also function as a wind curtain in addition to oxygen. Produce a heat effect. The air supply is 1 handsome; about 1.5, 1 is more suitable, the kitchen air conditioning system uses a DC air conditioning system, the air it processes is all from the outside, and the return air is not available, so that the air conditioner will not be blocked by the smoke.
Determination of air supply volume In order to prevent kitchen smell from entering the restaurant, the kitchen should maintain a negative pressure.
Under normal circumstances. The negative pressure value should not be greater than 53, the negative pressure is too large, and the stove will fall. The air supply volume should be considered according to the 8595 of the exhaust air volume. In order to avoid the odor, 60 of the air volume can be sent to the restaurant. Then the restaurant flows to the kitchen. At this time, the speed of the airflow through the catering window when the restaurant flows into the kitchen should be checked. The speed should not exceed 1.0. When the size is too large, the passing area should be increased. 5 Regardless of the fresh air or the air-conditioning wind, the air supply pipe needs to be equipped with a fire-proof valve. When the temperature exceeds 70 degrees Celsius, it will be automatically closed, and it is interlocked with the fan or air-conditioning unit. 2 The exhaust system of the kitchen should be set according to the fire compartment. Try not to traverse the firewall. If the kitchen exhaust duct passes through a room other than the kitchen. Fireproof valves should be provided on the kitchen wall. If the position of the valve leaves the wall of the kitchen a little, the pipe edge between the kitchen wall and the valve should be made of steel.
The basic exhaust of the stove should be classified into a system, which is beneficial to the economic operation of the system exhaust fan. It will not cause the unsatisfactory operation of 1 large fan even if some stoves are used.
The stove exhaust with a close distance should be classified as a system. The length of the exhaust duct is too long. It is not conducive to the rapid discharge of flue gas, affecting the exhaust effect, generally the maximum distance of the horizontal exhaust duct is more than 151; 3 Most of the equipment in the cooking room uses steam as the heating heat source. There is a lower demand for fresh air here. But the exhaust must be good. Otherwise the steam will fill the entire work room. The difference in temperature rise energy directly affects the chef's work. 4 The meal room and roughing room can be ignored regardless of the exhaust air. The 3 rows of wind ducts must have more than 2 slopes to the end of the exhaust pipe. Lan connection. In order to clean the soot dirt, the exhaust speed should not be lower than 10, 10,812,8 speed, in case the wind speed is too low, so that the oil smoke adheres to the pipeline.
2 rows of oil fume ducts inside and outside each brush anti-rust primer twice, then brush the acid-resistant paint on the inside twice, the outside brush gray lacquer two times 4 rows of hood selection 1 row hood should be considered according to the kitchen process requirements, do Integral stoves are placed side by side instead of single stoves, but each stove is equipped with a smoke exhaust port, and a valve should be provided at each exhaust port to control the exhaust air volume to ensure the exhaust effect of each stove. The advantage of this is that the smoke is good. If the single stove is single cover. The soot is easy to diffuse from the gap between the two covers to the entire kitchen space. Beautiful appearance. Easy to clean. 2 According to the requirements of the umbrella cover, the shape of the cooktop is also taken into consideration. The exhaust hood should be designed as a square cover. The angle between the bottom and the waist should be greater than or equal to 30 degrees. The skirt is 200, the outer edge should not exceed the edge of the stove, the distance between the bottom edge of the cover should be as small as possible, generally not tri.oiii, 3ffiRm; iimimtH.ftfHL; the drain is discharged into the sewer. The sump drain pipe is made of 551 thick galvanized iron. Bite interface soldering. A soot filter should be installed in the 4-row hood, and should be easily replaced and cleaned to prevent the fumes from entering the exhaust fan and affecting its normal use after long-term operation. 5 rows of hoods are used for steel plates or stainless steel plates with a degree of 23.
The minimum exhaust air volume of the 6-row hood is used to calculate the distance from the H cover to the cooktop. The amount of exhaust air calculated by the above formula should be calculated according to the cover area and the suction speed of the cover. The speed is not less than the claw 5. The kitchen exhaust is too large, and it needs to be concentrated into the ventilation shaft to the roof of the building. However, each exhaust system should be equipped with a check valve to prevent backflow. It is best to use a ventilation shaft to increase the pumping force. In summary. The ventilation design of the public kitchen is cumbersome, the ventilation ducts are large and the diameter is large, so the kitchen must have a set net height. The specific design should be closely coordinated with the civil engineering profession. In order to achieve the intended purpose.
Received date 2000720 December 1st, the status quo and development of Shanxi building construction rice heating system Pan Qingye, Dong Chunjuan pick. To be reconciled, the hand has been. The next situation; the demand for thermal grayscale. , loss Yin. Technology, 7 type is like coal. 1 electric Xinzhong åŸ heat source low-temperature floor fascinating all the treatment, smashed the current sweep. 33.; Human resources attack, the smuggling of the continuous specials, the literature identification code building heating system due to the following factors is currently in the period of great development, the original traditional heating methods are increasingly prominent. New heating methods are constantly emerging. 1 Energy structure changes. The single pattern of burning coal as a heating source has been changed, and electric low-temperature heat sources such as electric gas fuel oil, ground water or industrial wastewater, etc. are all used as heating sources. 2 The traditional radiator heating method can not meet the increasing decoration requirements of the occupants. 3 New equipment for single-family heating or more dispersed central heating is continuously introduced. 4 The low standard of central heating is increasingly demanding thermal comfort. 5 Developer and property company interest factors.
For the changes in the heating system, and the resulting changes, different groups have different heat cost reforms; developers are concerned about whether there are selling points, and whether secondary investment costs and property management funds are cost-effective; consumers are concerned about Eyes are placed on comfort durability and tolerance. It should be said that finding a product with a combination of points may become a mainstream product in the future market.
Therefore, the energy policy should be considered when selecting the heating method. Environmental pollution building sustainable development and property management and market acceptance.
1 The heating method of burning coal as fuel should first develop the central heating of cogeneration. Cogeneration is the combination of power generation and heat supply. It is a technology that uses high-grade thermal energy from fuel to generate electricity and then uses its low-grade thermal energy for heat and cold. At present, the average power generation efficiency of large-scale thermal power plants in China is about 30. The power generation efficiency of thermal power plants is about 20, and more than 90 of the remaining 80 heats can be used for heating. such. 10 0001 hot 4 fuel heat bar co-production produces 200. 屯 and 7000 heat, while thermal power generation only produces 30001; 1 power. If the fuel of the thermal power plant 0 is used, the fuel consumed by cogeneration is about 25. compared with the electric heating of the thermal power plant. Therefore, when using coal as fuel for heating, priority should be given to the development of cogeneration. However, this method has its shortcomings, and the heat supply distance is long, and the initial investment of the pipe network is high. At the same time, the water consumption of water pumping hot water is also high. At present, users have no means of measuring and adjusting poverty. The heating heat is wasted. 2 The gas heating method can consider the use of gas central heating, but the traditional centralized heating mode is a small-scale cogeneration consisting of small gas turbine generator sets and waste heat boilers. Production system. Compared with centralized heating, the decentralized heating system has good regulation performance. Easy maintenance and loss. Eliminating the high utilization characteristics of carbon oxides is conducive to promoting a new system based on users and charging for heat. Western developed countries have achieved good energy conservation and environmental protection effects in recent years in the development of decentralized cogeneration and cogeneration. Developed in the West. In the case of large thermal power plants, industrial heat is only supplied to industrial enterprises. Heating is not supplied to buildings. This is mainly due to the short heating distance of residential heating and the high supply cost of power plants. The utilization rate is low, and central heating is neither economical nor energy-saving. In other respects, single-family heating is considered. But this method is more suitable for scattered villas. Not suitable for multi-storey or high-rise homes.
3 Heating by electric heating In recent years, electricity supply has been sufficient in many parts of the country. This has greatly facilitated the development of electrical energy for heating. But electricity prices are better than coal. Gas prices are high. therefore. Under the premise of ensuring heating effect. Improve the heating effect of electric energy to reduce power consumption. Compared with Dong Chunjuan 19700, female, Linyi, Shanxi, graduated from Taiyuan University of Technology in 1993, lecturer, Taiyuan University, Taiyuan 030009, China
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