Oncolytic virus may become a new cancer treatment method
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a new tumor-attacking virus that not only kills tumor cells in the brain, but also blocks the growth of blood vessels in tumors. The study shows that if this oncolytic virus that kills tumors carries a protein that inhibits blood vessel growth, vasculostatin, it may be more effective in treating invasive brain tumors. The study was published in the online version of Molecular Therapy magazine.
Vasculostatin protein is usually produced in the brain. The researchers found that oncolytic cells carrying the protein can clear human glioblastoma in the animal's brain and significantly reduce the recurrence rate of the tumor. Glioblastoma is a fatal cancer of the human brain. The tumor contains a large number of blood vessels. Patients diagnosed with this cancer usually survive for less than 15 months.
This study shows that combining oncolytic viruses with natural vascular growth inhibitory factors such as vasculostatin may be a completely new method of cancer treatment. However, there is still a need to further study the safety and effectiveness of this method combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer
Bio Valley recommends the original source:
Molecular Therapy (2009); doi: 10.1038 / mt.2009.232
Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy of Vasculostatin (Vstat120) Expressing Oncolytic HSV-1
Jayson Hardcastle1,2, Kazuhiko Kurozumi1 ,, Nina Dmitrieva1, Martin P Sayers1,3, Sarwat Ahmad4, Peter Waterman5,6, Ralph Weissleder5,6, E Antonio Chiocca1 and Balveen Kaur1
1Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, Department of Neurological Surgery, James Comprehensive Cancer Center and The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
2Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
3 Undergraduate Major in Biomedical Science, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
4College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
5Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
6Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Oncolytic viral (OV) therapy is a promising therapeutic modality for brain tumors. Vasculostatin (Vstat120) is the cleaved and secreted extracellular fragment of brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1), a brain-specific receptor. To date, the therapeutic efficacy of Vstat120 delivery into established tumors has not been investigated. Here we tested the therapeutic efficacy of combining Vstat120 gene delivery in conjunction with OV therapy. We constructed RAMBO (Rapid Antiangiogenesis Mediated By Oncolytic virus), which expresses Vstat120 under the control of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) IE4 / 5 promoter. Secreted Vstat120 was detected as soon as 4 hours postinfection in vitro and was retained for up to 13 days after OV therapy in subcutaneous tumors. RAMBO-produced Vstat120 efficiently inhibited endothelial cell migration and tube formation in vitro ( P = 0.0005 and P = 0.0184, respectively) and inhibited angiogenesis (P = 0.007) in vivo. There was a significant suppression of in tracranial and subcutaneous glioma growth in mice treated with RAMBO compared to the control virus, HSVQ (P = 0.0021 and P <0.05, respectively). Statistically significant reduction in tumor vascular volume fraction (VVF) and microvessel density (MVD) was observed in tumors treated with RAMBO. This is the first study to report the antitumor effects of Vstat120 delivery into established tumors and supports the further development of RAMBO as a possible cancer therapy.
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